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The coup of May, 27th ((トルコ語:27 Mayıs Darbesi)) was the first coup d'état in the Republic of Turkey. The coup was staged by a group of 37 young Turkish military officers acting outside the Staff Chiefs' chain of command, orchestrated by Alparslan Türkeş and ultimately led by General Cemal Gürsel,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.allaboutturkey.com/darbe.htm )〕 against the democratically elected government of the Democrat Party on 27 May 1960. ==Background== The incident took place at a time of sociopolitical turmoil and economic hardship, as US aid from Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan was running out and, hence, prime minister Adnan Menderes planning a visit to Moscow in hope of establishing alternative lines of credit. Colonel Alparslan Türkeş orchestrated the plot. He was a member of the junta (:tr:Milli Birlik Komitesi), and had been among the first 16 officers trained by the United States in 1948 to form the stay-behind anti-communist organization, counter-guerrilla. As such, he explicitly stated faith and allegiance to NATO and CENTO in his short address to nation, yet remained vague as for the reasons of the coup. On the morning of May 27, Türkeş declared the coup over radio, which ultimately announced "the end of one period in Turkish history, and usher in a new one": In a press conference held on the following day, Cemal Gürsel emphasized that the "purpose and the aim of the coup is to bring the country with all speed to a fair, clean and solid democracy... I want to transfer power and the administration of the nation to the free choice of the people"〔http://www.allaboutturkey.com/darbe.htm〕 Thus the coup removed a democratically elected government while expressing the intent to install a democratically elected government. The junta forced 235 generals and more than 3000 other commissioned officers to retirement; purged more than 500 judges and public prosecutors, and 1400 university faculty members; put the chief of the General Staff, the president, the prime minister and other members of the administration under arrest, followed by the appointment of the commander of the army General Cemal Gürsel, as provisional head of state, prime minister and the minister of defense. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「1960 Turkish coup d'état」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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